CBSE class 12 GEOGRAPHY sample paper 2023 Solutions [ Free Pdf ]

CBSE class 12 GEOGRAPHY sample paper 2023 Solutions These Sample Papers cover the entire syllabus of the academic session 2022-23 .

CBSE class 12 GEOGRAPHY sample paper 2023

The features of these sample test papers are as follows:

✓ The questions in the test paper have been compiled at par with the level of the exam.

✓ Test paper series have been conceptualized by expert faculty as per the strict parameters of latest Board syllabus and exam pattern.

✓ These Sample Papers cover the entire syllabus of the academic session 2022-23.

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CBSE class 12 GEOGRAPHY Syllabus

Part A : Fundamentals of Human Geography 

Chapter 1: Human Geography 

Chapter 2: People 

Chapter 3: Human Activities 

Chapter 4: Transport, Communication and Trade

Chapter 5: Human settlements

➲ Map Work

Part B : India: People and Economy 

Chapter 6: People 

Chapter 7: Human Settlements

Chapter 8: Resources and Development 

Chapter 9: Transport, Communication and International  Trade

Chapter 10: Geographical Perspective on selected  issues and problems

➲ Map Work

Part- C : Practical Work in Geography Part II

Chapter 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping

Chapter 2: Field Study or Spatial Information Technology

COURSE CONTENT

Part A : Fundamentals of Human Geography

Chapter 1: Human Geography : 
➲ Nature and Scope

Chapter 2: People
• Population-Distribution, density and growth
• Population change-spatial patterns and structure; determinants of population change
• Population Composition – age-sex ratio; rural-urban composition
• Human development – concept; selected indicators, international comparisons

Chapter 3: Human Activities 
• Primary activities – concept and changing trends; gathering, pastoral, mining, subsistence agriculture,  modern agriculture; people engaged in agricultural and  allied activities – some examples from selected countries 
• Secondary activities-concept; manufacturing: types – household, small scale, large scale; agro based and  mineral based industries; people engaged in secondary  activities – some examples from selected countries 
• Tertiary activities-concept; trade, transport and tourism;  services; people engaged in tertiary activities – some  examples from selected countries 
• Quaternary activities-concept; people engaged in quaternary activities – case study from selected countries

Chapter 4: Transport, Communication and Trade 
• Land transport – roads, railways; trans-continental railways
• Water transport- inland waterways; major ocean routes
• Air transport- Intercontinental air routes
• Oil and gas pipelines
• Satellite communication and cyber space- importance and  usage for geographical information; use of GPS
• International trade- bases and changing patterns; ports as  gateways of international trade; role of WTO in  international trade

Chapter 5: Human settlements
• Settlement types – rural and urban; morphology of cities  (case study); distribution of mega cities; problems of  human settlements in developing countries

❒ Map : Map Work on identification of features based on 1-5 units on the  outline Physical/Political map of World.

Part B : India: People and Economy 

Chapter 6: People
• Population: distribution, density and growth; composition of  population – linguistic, religious; sex, rural-urban and  occupational-regional variations in growth of population
• Migration: international, national-causes and  consequences
• Human development: selected indicators and regional patterns
• Population, environment and development

Chapter 7: Human Settlements
• Rural settlements – types and distribution
• Urban settlements – types, distribution and functional  classification

Chapter 8: Resources and Development
• Land resources- general land use; agricultural land use;  geographical conditions and distribution of major crops  (Wheat, Rice, Tea, Coffee, Cotton, Jute, Sugarcane and  Rubber); agricultural development and problems
• Water resources-availability and utilization-irrigation,  domestic, industrial and other uses; scarcity of water and  conservation methods-rain water harvesting and  watershed management
• Mineral and energy resources- distribution of metallic (Iron  ore, Copper, Bauxite, Manganese); non-metallic (Mica,  Salt) minerals; conventional (Coal, Petroleum, Natural gas  and Hydroelectricity) and non-conventional energy sources  (solar, wind, biogas) and conservation
• Industries – types, factors of industrial location; distribution  and changing pattern of selected industries-iron and steel,  cotton textiles, sugar, petrochemicals, and knowledge  based industries; impact of liberalization, privatization and  globalization on industrial location; industrial clusters
• Planning in India- target group area planning (case study);  idea of sustainable development (case study)

Chapter 9: Transport, Communication and International Trade
• Transport and communication-roads, railways, waterways and airways: oil and gas pipelines; Geographical information and communication net works
• International trade-changing pattern of indian’s foreign trade; sea ports and their hinterland and airports

Chapter 10: Geographical Perspective on selected  issues and problems
• Environmental pollution; urban-waste disposal  Urbanization, rural-urban migration; problems of slums  Land degradation

❒ Map : Map work on locating and labeling of features based on above  units on outline map of India.

Part- C : Practical Work in Geography Part II

Chapter 1: Processing of Data and Thematic Mapping
• Type and Sources of data: Primary, Secondary and other  sources
• Tabulating and processing of data; calculation of averages, measures of central tendency
• Representation of data- construction of diagrams: bars, circles and flowchart; thematic maps; construction of dot;  choropleth and isopleths maps
• Data analysis and generation of diagrams, graphs and other visual diagrams using computers

Chapter 2: Field Study or Spatial Information Technology
• Field visit and study: map orientation, observation and  preparation of sketch; survey on any one of the local  concerns; pollution, ground water changes, land use and  land-use changes, poverty, energy issues, soil  degradation, impact of floods and drought, catchment area  of school, Market survey and Household survey (any one  topic of local concern may be taken up for the study;  observation and questionnaire survey may be adopted for  the data collection; collected data may be tabulated and  analyzed with diagrams and maps). Students can be given  different topics to get more insight into various problems of  society. 
OR
• Spatial Information Technology 
introduction to GIS; hardware requirements and software module; data formats; raster and vector data, data input, editing and topology building; data analysis; overlay and buffer.